Q345 bụ ihe ígwè.Ọ bụ ígwè dị ala (C <0.2%), nke a na-ejikarị arụ ọrụ, àkwà mmiri, ụgbọ ala, ụgbọ mmiri, ụgbọ mmiri nrụgide, wdg. Q na-anọchi anya ike mkpụrụ nke ihe a, na 345 na-esonụ na-ezo aka na uru mkpụrụ nke a. ihe onwunwe, nke bụ banyere 345 MPa.Na uru mkpụrụ ga-ebelata na mmụba nke ọkpụrụkpụ ihe.
Q345 nwere ezigbo ihe eji arụ ọrụ zuru oke, arụmọrụ dị ala dị ala a na-anabata, ezigbo plasticity na weldability, a na-ejikwa ya dị ka ihe owuwu, akụkụ n'ibu, ihe owuwu ụlọ, akụkụ akụkụ Metal n'ozuzu, akpọrepu ma ọ bụ nke a na-ahụkarị, enwere ike iji rụọ ọrụ dị iche iche na mpaghara oyi n'okpuru. -40°C.
Nhazi
Enwere ike kewaa Q345 na Q345A,Q345B, Q345C, Q345D, Q345E dị ka ọkwa.Ihe ha na-anọchi anya ya bụ okpomọkụ nke ujo.
Ọkwa Q345A, enweghị mmetụta;
Q345B larịị, 20 degrees nkịtị okpomọkụ mmetụta;
Ọkwa Q345C, bụ mmetụta ogo 0;
Q345D larịị, bụ -20 ogo mmetụta;
Ọkwa Q345E, bụ mmetụta -40 ogo.
N'ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị iche iche, ụkpụrụ ujo dịkwa iche.
chemical mejupụtara
Q345A: C≤0.20, Mn ≤1.7, Si≤0.55, P≤0.045, S≤0.045, V 0.02 ~ 0.15
Q345B: C≤0.20, Mn ≤1.7, Si≤0.55, P≤0.040, S≤0.040, V 0.02 ~ 0.15；
Q345C: C≤0.20, Mn ≤1.7, Si≤0.55, P≤0.035, S≤0.035, V 0.02 ~ 0.15, Al≥0.015；
Q345D: C≤0.20, Mn ≤1.7, Si≤0.55, P≤0.030, S≤0.030, V 0.02 ~ 0.15, Al≥0.015；
Q345E: C≤0.20, Mn ≤1.7, Si≤0.55, P≤0.025, S≤0.025, V 0.02 ~ 0.15, Al≥0.015；
vs. 16Nn
Q345 steel bụ nnọchi maka ụdị ochie nke 12MnV, 14MnNb, 18Nb, 16MnRE, 16Mn na ụdị igwe ndị ọzọ, ọ bụghị naanị nnọchi maka igwe 16Mn.N'ihe gbasara kemịkalụ, 16Mn na Q345 dịkwa iche.Nke kachasị mkpa, enwere nnukwu ọdịiche dị na nha otu nha nke nchara abụọ ahụ dịka ọdịiche dị na ike mkpụrụ, nke a ga-eme ka mgbanwe dị na nrụgide ikike nke ihe nwere ụfọdụ ọkpụrụkpụ.Ya mere, ọ bụ ihe na-ekwesịghị ekwesị itinye naanị nrụgide ikike nke 16Mn ígwè na ígwè Q345, mana ekwesịrị ikpebi nrụgide a na-ekwe ka ọ dị ka otu nha nha nchara ọhụrụ si dị.
Nkezi nke isi mejupụtara ihe nke Q345 ígwè bụ otu ihe ahụ na nke 16Mn ígwè, ihe dị iche bụ na Chọpụta alloy ọcha nke V, Ti na Nb na-agbakwunyere.Obere ihe nke V, Ti, na Nb nwere ike ime ka ọka ahụ dị mma, mee ka ike siri ike nke ígwè dịkwuo mma, ma mee ka ihe ndị dị na ígwè arụ ọrụ dịkwuo mma.Ọ bụkwa n'ihi nke a na a pụrụ ime ka ọkpụrụkpụ nke efere ígwè ahụ buru ibu.Ya mere, akụrụngwa akụrụngwa nke Q345 steel kwesịrị ịdị mma karịa igwe 16Mn, ọkachasị arụmọrụ ya dị ala adịghị na igwe 16Mn.Nchekwa ikike nke Q345 ígwè dị ntakịrị elu karịa nke ígwè 16Mn.
ntụnyere arụmọrụ
Q345Dọkpọkọ enweghị nkebiNjirimara igwe:
Ike ntanye: 490-675 Ike mpụta: ≥345 Elongation: ≥22
Q345Bọkpọkọ enweghị nkebiNjirimara igwe:
Ike nkwụsị: 490-675 Ike mpụta: ≥345 Elongation: ≥21
Q345A enweghị nkebi anwụrụ n'ibu Njirimara:
Ike nkwụsị: 490-675 Ike mpụta: ≥345 Elongation: ≥21
Q345C enweghị nkebi anwụrụ n'ibu Njirimara:
Ike ntanye: 490-675 Ike mpụta: ≥345 Elongation: ≥22
Q345E enweghị nkebi anwụrụ n'ibu Njirimara:
Ike ntanye: 490-675 Ike mpụta: ≥345 Elongation: ≥22
Usoro ngwaahịa
Q345D ígwè tụnyere Q345A, B, C ígwè.Okpomọkụ ule nke mmetụta ike dị ala dị ala.Ọmarịcha arụmọrụ.Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ P na S dị ala karịa nke Q345A, B na C. Ọnụ ahịa ahịa dị elu karịa Q345A, B, C.
Nkọwa nke Q345D:
① Nọmba Q + + akara ọkwa ogo + akara usoro deoxidation mejupụtara.Nọmba nchara ya na-ebute ụzọ site na "Q", nke na-anọchite anya ebe mkpụrụ nke ígwè ahụ, na ọnụ ọgụgụ dị n'azụ ya na-anọchite anya uru nke mkpụrụ ego na MPa.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Q235 na-anọchi anya ígwè arụrụ arụ carbon nwere ebe mkpụrụ (σs) nke 235 MPa.
②Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, akara na-egosi ogo ogo na usoro deoxidation nwere ike ịde akara n'azụ nọmba ígwè.Akara ọkwa ogo bụ A, B, C, D n'otu n'otu.Usoro Deoxidation akara: F pụtara nchara esi;b putara nchara nke obere egbu egbu;Z pụtara egburu ígwè;TZ pụtara nchara pụrụ iche gburu, na nchara gburu enweghị ike iji akara, ya bụ, ma Z na TZ nwere ike hapụ.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Q235-AF pụtara ọkwa A na-esi nchara.
③ Carbon ígwè maka ebumnuche pụrụ iche, dị ka àkwà mmiri ígwè, mmiri ígwè, wdg, na-eji isi okwu usoro nke carbon structural ígwè, ma leta na-egosi nzube na-agbakwunyere na njedebe nke ígwè nọmba.
Okwu mmeghe
| mmewere | C≤ | Mn | Si≤ | P≤ | S≤ | Al ≥ | V | Nb | Ti |
| ọdịnaya | 0.2 | 1.0-1.6 | 0.55 | 0,035 | 0,035 | 0.015 | 0.02-0.15 | 0.015-0.06 | 0.02-0.2 |
Njirimara igwe nke Q345C bụ ndị a (%):
| Ndekọ akụrụngwa akụrụngwa | Mgbatị(%) | Nwalee okpomọkụ 0℃ | Ike tensile MPa | Ọnụ ahịa MPa≥ |
| uru | 5≥22 | J≥34 | σb (470-650) | σs (324-259) |
Mgbe ọkpụrụkpụ mgbidi dị n'etiti 16-35mm, σs≥325Mpa;mgbe ọkpụrụkpụ mgbidi dị n'etiti 35-50mm, σs≥295Mpa
2. Njirimara ịgbado ọkụ nke Q345 ígwè
2.1 Ngụkọta nke carbon (Ceq)
Ceq=C+Mn/6+Ni/15+Cu/15+Cr/5+Mo/5+V/5
Gbakọọ Ceq = 0.49%, karịa 0.45%, enwere ike ịhụ na arụ ọrụ ịgbado ọkụ nke Q345 steel adịghị mma, yana usoro teknụzụ siri ike ga-emepụta n'oge ịgbado ọkụ.
2.2 Nsogbu na-adịkarị na Q345 ígwè n'oge ịgbado ọkụ
2.2.1 Mkpịsị aka ike na mpaghara okpomọkụ metụtara
N'oge ịgbado ọkụ na usoro dị jụụ nke Q345 ígwè, a na-emepụta ihe nhazi-martensite ngwa ngwa na mpaghara okpomọkụ na-emetụta, nke na-eme ka ike sie ike ma na-ebelata plasticity nke mpaghara nso nso.Nsonaazụ bụ mgbawa mgbe ịgbado ọkụ.
2.2.2 Oyi mgbawa uche
The ịgbado ọkụ cracks nke Q345 ígwè bụ tumadi oyi cracks.
Oge nzipu: Mar-20-2023